Serial communication is a fundamental part of digital systems, and two of the most popular protocols used in this domain are RS232 and RS485. Both are essential standards in industrial and embedded systems, but they differ significantly in their com…
Many people find it difficult to understand how computer memory works, how computer remembers the data(image, video, text). Here we try to explain how the digital memory works with gated latch and D flip flop with their differences and similarities…
Here it is shown how to build and test 74ALS00AN NAND gate on a breadboard and how to simulate an NAND logic gate in Proteus. A NAND gate is a AND logic gate complement. That is it a equivalent to NOT gate followed by AND gate. A NAND gate can impl…
In this tutorial it is explained how monostable multivibrator using transistors works. It is explained how the current flow in stable and unstable states in the transistor based monostable multibrator circuit. It is illustrated how to bias the tr…
This is educational tutorial on how to build digital logic gates with transistors. Digital logic gates AND, OR, NOT, NOR, NAND and XOR are illustrated with 2N3904 and resistors. LEDs are used to indicate the logical HIGH and LOW signals. AND gate …
Diodes are the simplest non-linear elements in electronics circuit. By non-linear it means the relationship between the input and output signal is non-linear. Non-linear components like diode finds application in signal processing such as rectifie…
